Carbon Monoxide
Carbon monoxide is a common chemical precursor with a global production totaling ~150
million metric tons per year at an average market price of $0.20/kg ($0.17–$0.26 between
2014 and 2018).
The biggest cost contributors for producing carbon monoxide from carbon dioxide and
electricity via low-temperature electrolysis include capital costs and electricity
feedstock cost for the current case and electricity feedstock cost for the future
and theoretical cases.
Major Cost Drivers
- Current density (mA/cm2)
- Single-pass CO2 conversion
- Price of available electricity ($/kilowatt-hour)
Minimum Selling Prices ($2016/kg)
- Current: $
- Future: $
- Theoretical: $
Technical Metrics for Cases
[spider chart]
Current = Green
Future = Blue
Theoretical = Edge
Sensitivity Analysis
Shows process parameter impact on minimum selling price ($/kg)
[tornado chart]
Market parameters = Orange · Technical parameters = Blue
Mid-line values represent state of technology parameters.
CAPEX and OPEX Contributions to SOT MSP
MSP: $
Formic Acid
Formic acid is used in pharmaceuticals, food additives, and leather/tanning applications.
Global production of formic acid totals approximately 1 million metric tons per year
at $0.66/kg ($0.66–$0.67 between 2014 and 2016).
The biggest cost contributors for producing formic acid from carbon dioxide and electricity
via low-temperature electrolysis include capital costs and electricity feedstock cost
for the current case and electricity feedstock cost for the future and theoretical
cases.
Major Cost Drivers
- Onstream factor
- Current density (mA/cm2)
- Single-pass CO2 conversion
Minimum Selling Prices ($2016/kg)
- Current: $
- Future: $
- Theoretical: $
Technical Metrics for Cases
[spider chart]
Current = Green
Future = Blue
Theoretical = Edge
Sensitivity Analysis
Shows process parameter impact on minimum selling price ($/kg)
[tornado chart]
Market parameters = Orange · Technical parameters = Blue
Mid-line values represent state of technology parameters.
CAPEX and OPEX Contributions to SOT MSP
MSP: $
Oxalic Acid
Oxalic acid is used as a bleaching agent and chemical precursor. Global production
of oxalic acid reaches approximately 1 million metric tons per year at $1.73/kg.
The biggest cost contributors for producing oxalic acid from carbon dioxide and electricity
via low-temperature electrolysis include capital costs and electricity feedstock cost
for the current case, utilities and supplies for the future case, and electricity
feedstock cost for the theoretical case.
Major Cost Drivers
- Faradaic efficiency
- Current density (mA/cm2)
- Onstream factor
Minimum Selling Prices ($2016/kg)
- Current: $
- Future: $
- Theoretical: $
Technical Metrics for Cases
[spider chart]
Current = Green
Future = Blue
Theoretical = Edge
Sensitivity Analysis
Shows process parameter impact on minimum selling price ($/kg)
[tornado chart]
Market parameters = Orange · Technical parameters = Blue
Mid-line values represent state of technology parameters.
CAPEX and OPEX Contributions to SOT MSP
MSP: $
Ethylene
Ethylene is used primarily as synthetic precursor in the global polyethylene plastics
market. Estimated global production reached 145 million metric tons per year at $0.71/kg
($0.38–$1.29 between 2014 and 2018).
The biggest cost contributors for producing ethylene from carbon dioxide and electricity
via low-temperature electrolysis include electricity feedstock cost and carbon dioxide
separations for the current case and electricity feedstock cost for the future and
theoretical cases.
Major Cost Drivers
- Single-pass CO2 conversion
- Price of available electricity ($/kWh)
- Electrolyzer cost
Minimum Selling Prices ($2016/kg)
- Current: $
- Future: $
- Theoretical: $
Technical Metrics for Cases
[spider chart]
Current = Green
Future = Blue
Theoretical = Edge
Sensitivity Analysis
Shows process parameter impact on minimum selling price ($/kg)
[tornado chart]
Market parameters = Orange · Technical parameters = Blue
Mid-line values represent state of technology parameters.
CAPEX and OPEX Contributions to SOT MSP
MSP: $
Ethanol
Ethanol is used primarily as fuel blendstock and feedstock in synthetic chemical routes.
Global production recently reached approximately 77 million metric tons per year at
$0.51/kg ($0.42–$0.72 between 2014 and 2018).
The biggest cost contributors for producing ethanol from carbon dioxide and electricity
via low-temperature electrolysis include capital costs and electricity feedstock cost
for the current case and electricity feedstock cost for the future and theoretical
cases.
Major Cost Drivers
- Faradaic efficiency
- Onstream factor
- Electrolyzer cost
Minimum Selling Prices ($2016/kg)
- Current: $
- Future: $
- Theoretical: $
Technical Metrics for Cases
[spider chart]
Current = Green
Future = Blue
Theoretical = Edge
Sensitivity Analysis
Shows process parameter impact on minimum selling price ($/kg)
[tornado chart]
Market parameters = Orange · Technical parameters = Blue
Mid-line values represent state of technology parameters.
CAPEX and OPEX Contributions to SOT MSP
MSP: $
Methanol
Methanol is a major industrial chemical and common precursor to olefins with global
production totaling 80.5 million metric tons per year at an average market price of
$0.37/kg ($0.25–$0.48 between 2014 and 2018).
The biggest cost contributors for producing methanol from carbon dioxide and electricity
via low-temperature electrolysis include capital costs and electricity feedstock cost
for the current case and electricity feedstock cost and capital costs for the future
and theoretical cases.
Major Cost Drivers
- Capacity factor
- Current density (mA/cm2)
- Electrolyzer cost
Minimum Selling Prices ($2016/kg)
- Current: $
- Future: $
- Theoretical: $
Technical Metrics for Cases
[spider chart]
Current = Green
Future = Blue
Theoretical = Edge
Sensitivity Analysis
Shows process parameter impact on minimum selling price ($/kg)
[tornado chart]
Market parameters = Orange · Technical parameters = Blue
Mid-line values represent state of technology parameters.
CAPEX and OPEX Contributions to SOT MSP
MSP: $
Methane
As of 2018, the estimated global production of methane reached 250 million metric
tons per year with applications in energy and as a hydrogen precursor, selling for
an average $0.16/kg ($0.13–$0.23 between 2014 and 2018).
The biggest cost contributors for producing methane from carbon dioxide and electricity
via low-temperature electrolysis include capital costs and electricity feedstock cost
for the current case and electricity feedstock cost and capital cost for the future
and theoretical cases.
Major Cost Drivers
- Capacity factor
- Current density (mA/cm2)
- Faradaic efficiency
Minimum Selling Prices ($2016/kg)
- Current: $
- Future: $
- Theoretical: $
Technical Metrics for Cases
[spider chart]
Current = Green
Future = Blue
Theoretical = Edge
Sensitivity Analysis
Shows process parameter impact on minimum selling price ($/kg)
[tornado chart]
Market parameters = Orange · Technical parameters = Blue
Mid-line values represent state of technology parameters.
CAPEX and OPEX Contributions to SOT MSP
MSP: $
